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B2 logic gates from resistors diodes and transistors r 1 is often called the load or pull up resistor while r 2 is the pull down resistor. Equivalence of nand gate and nor gate using de morgans law it may be shown that irrespective of the hardware used a positive nand gate is also a negative nor gate while nand gate is also a positive nor gate.
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Thus the voltage measured between the output node and ground would be 05 v.
Logic gates using diodes and transistors. Diode logic gates are used to build diodetransistor logic dtl gates as integrated circuits. Circuit of and gate using diode transistor logic is given. When both input a and b are given with 0 v both of the diodes are in forward biased condition that is in on condition.
Using discrete components such as diodes resistors and transistors to make digital logic gate circuits are not used in practical commercially available logic ics as these circuits suffer from propagation delay or gate delay and also power loss due to the pull up resistors. The use of transistors for the construction of logic gates depends upon their utility as fast switches. App used for simulation is every circuit link is.
Diode logic uses the fact that diodes conduct only in one direction. Logic gates are primarily implemented using diodes or transistors acting as electronic switches but can also be constructed using vacuum tubes electromagnetic relays relay logic fluidic logic pneumatic logic optics molecules or even mechanical elements. Simulation in this section simulation of the and gate circuit is done using dtl.
The outputs of conventional ics with complementary output drive stages are never directly connected together since they act as voltage sources. For simplicity we will show here only two inputs nand gate circuit by using diodes and transistors. Or and and logic gates made with diodes if we need a or gate we can use a 4071 or cmos ic or a ttl 7432 or ic.
When the base emitter diode is turned on enough to be driven into saturation the collector voltage with respect to the emitter may be near zero and can be used to construct gates for the ttl logic family. This nand gate is called dtl nand gate or diode transistor logical nand gate. If we need a and gate we can use a 4081 and cmos ic or a ttl 7408 and ic but sometimes it is easier to use diodes.
Since this circuit uses diodes and transistor it is called diode transistor logic dtl nor gate. Alternatively we could have arrived at this directly by calculating the voltage across r 2 namely.
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